نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار حقوق عمومی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 دانشجوی دکترای حقوق عمومی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
چکیده
نهادهای اجتماعی خانواده، دین، آموزش، اقتصاد و سیاست ماهیت سیّال و شناور داشته و در نتیجه قابلیت تغییر دارند. از آنجا که تحول در یک نهاد، میتواند سایر نهادهای اجتماعی را نیز متاثر سازد، ازاینرو، بررسی رابطه معنادار بین تحول نهادهای اجتماعی و شکلگیری دولت قانونمند، یکی از نقاط تلاقی جامعهشناسی و حقوق عمومی و مستند میانرشتهای بودن ایده این مقاله است. زیرا حقوق عمومی، نظام حقوقیِ ناظر بر دولت است و جامعهشناسیحقوق عمومی عهدهدار تبیین نظریه درخصوص تاثیر و تأثّر نهادهای اجتماعی و شکلگیری نظریه دولت است. ازاینرو، موضوع این مقاله (دولت) در گسترۀ حقوق عمومی و منظر تحلیل آن (نهادهای اجتماعی) از دریچۀ جامعهشناسی است.
این مقاله از نظر شیوه گردآوری دادهها، کتابخانهای و از حیث روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی است. زیرا به‌دلیل محدودیتهای ناشی از دسترسی به آمار رسمی و انجام سنجش میدانی در مقیاس سرشماری، با استفاده از روش «تحلیل ثانویه اطلاعات موجود»، بهمثابۀ دانش زمینهای، به توصیف و تحلیلِ تحولات نهادهای اجتماعی پرداخته و با بهرهگیری از آموزههای حقوقی به مفهوم‌شناسی دولت قانونمند و نهایتاً استنتاج نظریه، درخصوص کنش متقابلِ پویای نهادهای اجتماعی و دولت اقدام کردهایم.
برایناساس، در این مقاله درپی فهم مسائل ایران و تحلیل بخشی از فرآیند تشکیل دولت قانونمند در ایران معاصر هستیم. از این‌رو، این نوشته را میتوان ذیل مطالعات ایرانپژوهی نیز دستهبندی کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Possibility of Rule of Law in Iranwith Emphasis on Evolution of Social Institutions
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohammad Jalali 1
- Mahdi Mahdavi Zahed 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Law, Shahid Beheshti University
2 PhD Student of Public Law, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]
Purpose: It is the purpose of this article to investigate reasons and types of the evolution of institutions. Social institutions, "Family", "Religion", "Education", "Economy" and "Politics", have fluid nature and therefore have ability to discourse evolution. The changing institution can affect other social institutions. Five basic social institutions can affect law, and the main question in this article is about this same problem. This article seeks to answer these question: What significant relationship is there between the changes in social institutions and the rule of law in Iran? Is the evolution of social institutions of family, religion, education, politics and economics effective in transition to rule of law? The main premise of authors is the existence of changes in social institutions, laying the groundwork for the formation of individuality and as a result, plurality of values systems.
Methodology: This article surveys evolution of social institutions. Most simply, it is a first step in an attempt to discuss the nature of Rule of Law. Then, by examining changes in social institutions and their impacts on the infrastructure of the state, we discuss the rule of law in contemporary Iran. This study goes beyond the traditional classification of Public Law in the areas of Constitutional Law, Administrative Law, Financial Law and Labor Law and is among the sociology of Public Law.
Findings: The findings of this study imply that the evolution of social institutions' discourses lead to the formation of "individuality" and value pluralism, and deepen the "democratic culture" and "social democracy" among the Iranians, because the authors believe that "Democracy" is not static, but an ongoing process. Democratic social structure affects the political system. Therefore, this article seeks to analyze the sociological process of formation of the modern democratic state in Iran. So, from another perspective, this paper is located in the realm of "Iranian and Persian Studies". This article is dedicated to the interdisciplinary study of Iran.
State and social institutions have dynamic interaction with each other. Therefore, the evolution of an institution can change other social institutions. Thus, there are the meaningful relationship between the evolution of social institutions' discourses & the formation of the rule of law that imply the connection between sociology and Public Law, because Public Law is the legal system of the state and Sociology of Public Law is responsible for explanation of impact of social institutions on the formation of the government.
Originality/Value: This article is one of the first attempts to understand the role of social change in the rule of law in contemporary Iran, because this study examined the steps of understanding, creating and delivering values by social changing processes in citizen’s mindsets. These changes have affected Family", "Religion", "Education", "Economy" and "Politics" in contemporary Iran. This study is focused on analyzing how democratic culture can impact in the rule of law, because we believe the existence of the rule of law is the foundation of a democratic system and mutually democracy promotes the rule of law. In this article we are going to be examining the dialectic of society and government in contemporary Iranian society
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Rule of law
- social institutions
- public law
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