دولت پژوهی

تبیین الگوی مدیریت منابع تنش‌ها و منازعات محلی میان قلمروهای سیاسی-اداری تقسیمات کشوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

زهرا احمدی پور 1
حسن جعفرزاده 2

1 استاد جغرافیای سیاسی دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22054/tssq.2026.74446.1427
چکیده
در چند دهه اخیر مقیاس و ماهیت تنش و منازعه عمدتاً از سطح منطقه‌ای و بین کشوری به سطح درون کشوری و محلی تغییر یافته است. روند رو به گسترش منازعات محلی میان قلمروهای سیاسی – اداری در حالی است که یکی از مهم‌ترین مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر کاهش و یا تشدید آن، چگونگی مدیریت و سازمان‌دهی سیاسی فضا در قالب تقسیمات کشوری است. با توجه به این امر، در این تحقیق با استفاده از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و با تکیه بر منابع کتابخانه‌ای به این مسئله پرداخته شد که مدیریت تنش‌ها و منازعات میان قلمروهای سیاسی از چه سازوکاری تبعیت می‌کند و مبتنی بر چه مؤلفه‌هایی است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که مدیریت منازعات میان قلمروهای سیاسی-اداری ابتدا مستلزم شناخت منابع و عوامل ایجاد تنش و منازعه میان واحدهای تقسیماتی و سپس نیازمند ارائه روش‌ها و رویکردهایی جهت کاهش و یا حذف آن‌ها در دو سطح ملی و منطقه ای-محلی است. بر این اساس الگوی مدیریت تنش‌ها و منازعات قلمروهای سیاسی-اداری در قالب ارتباط سیستماتیک عوامل و مؤلفه‌های مؤثر در کاهش تنش و منازعه باعث پیامدهایی مانند گسترش منافع مشترک و همکاری‌های متقابل، گسترش مراودات فرهنگی، خدمات‌رسانی بهینه، افزایش مشارکت ساکنین در امور محلی، توسعه متوازن نواحی، حفاظت از بنیادهای زیستی، تخصیص عادلانه منابع و امکانات، پایداری مرزهای تقسیمات کشوری، تشکل حوزه‌های عملکردی و شکل‌گیری قطب‌های رشد مبتنی بر تولید تخصصی خواهد شد که در نهایت این امر سبب توسعه همگرایی‌ها، گسترش منافع مشترک و کاهش یا رفع تنش‌ها و منازعات میان قلمروهای سیاسی-اداری خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مدیریت
تنش و منازعه
قلمروهای سیاسی-اداری
تقسیمات کشوری
منابع.
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Explaining the Resource Management Pattern of Tensions and Local Conflicts between the Political-administrative Realms of the Administrative Divisions

نویسندگان English

Zahra Ahmadipour 1
Hassan Jafarzadeh 2
1 Professor, Department of Political Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 , PhD, Department of Political Geography, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction
In recent decades, the scale and nature of political tensions and conflicts have changed considerably. Alongside interstate disputes, intrastate and local conflicts, particularly those involving competing political-administrative territories, have gained increasing importance. Population growth, rising demand for natural resources and economic opportunities, ethnic and cultural differences, spatial inequalities, and changes in the political management of national territory are among the principal factors contributing to these conflicts. In this context, administrative divisions constitute a fundamental framework for the political organization of space and the exercise of state authority. Their structure can either facilitate territorial cooperation or intensify competition among neighboring areas. When administrative boundaries reflect geographical conditions, social relationships, cultural characteristics, economic linkages, and functional interdependencies, they can improve public service delivery, promote equitable resource allocation, and support balanced regional development. Conversely, territorial arrangements that disregard local realities may reinforce perceptions of discrimination, administrative fragmentation, local rivalries, and centrifugal tendencies. Previous studies have examined several dimensions of these problems, including spatial inequality, boundary disputes, place identity, competition over resources, and weaknesses in local governance. Nevertheless, a comprehensive framework linking the principal sources of territorial tension to appropriate management strategies remains necessary. The central problem addressed in this study is therefore to identify the sources of tension and conflict between political-administrative territories and explain the mechanisms through which these conflicts can be managed at national and regional-local levels.
Research Objective
The primary objective of this study is to identify and classify the sources and determinants of tension and conflict between political-administrative territories and develop a systematic conceptual model for managing, reducing, and preventing these conflicts, with particular emphasis on Iran's administrative division system. The study also seeks to connect conflict-generating factors with appropriate policy responses and provide an applicable framework for improving the political organization of space, enhancing territorial governance, and strengthening cooperation among administrative units.
Methodology
This research is applied in purpose, qualitative in nature, and descriptive-analytical in method. Information was collected from library sources, theoretical literature, and previous studies concerning political geography, the political management of national space, administrative divisions, and conflict management. The analytical process involved identifying and classifying the principal sources of tension between political-administrative territories, examining the characteristics and potential consequences of each factor, and proposing corresponding management strategies. In the final stage, the relationships among conflict-generating factors, policy interventions, and expected outcomes were integrated into a systematic conceptual model. The study focuses primarily on Iran's administrative division system, although some components of the proposed framework may also be applicable to other territorial governance systems. Accordingly, the findings are based on qualitative analysis and conceptual synthesis rather than statistical testing or field-based evaluation of policy effectiveness.
Findings
The findings indicate that tensions and conflicts between political-administrative territories arise from multiple interrelated factors. These include the spatial structure of government and the distribution of political authority; changes in administrative boundaries; natural and cultural heterogeneity among territorial units; boundary disputes; uneven regional development; the influence of political power and patronage on territorial decisions; local competition for resources, public budgets, and administrative positions; electoral districting; place identity and the symbolic implications of territorial boundaries; the inappropriate shape and size of administrative units; and environmental tensions. These factors do not operate independently. Their interaction can intensify competing interests, perceptions of deprivation, declining public trust, weak institutional cooperation, and instability in administrative boundaries. For example, boundaries that fail to correspond with watersheds or functional regions may complicate the management of shared resources. Similarly, territorial changes that disregard local identities and community preferences may revive historical disputes and reinforce perceptions of unequal treatment.
The proposed model identifies complementary interventions at national and regional-local levels. At the national level, reforming administrative division legislation and replacing narrowly defined criteria with multidimensional assessments incorporating natural, social, economic, cultural, environmental, and security considerations are essential. Transparent procedures for boundary changes, independent professional assessment of territorial proposals, clear institutional responsibilities, fairer budget allocation, and reduced reliance on nontechnical considerations in administrative decisions are also important. Furthermore, administrative, political, and fiscal decentralization, where appropriate to local capacities and institutional conditions, can increase citizen participation and support a more balanced distribution of decision-making authority and responsibilities.
At the regional-local level, priorities include accurately documenting administrative boundaries, establishing impartial legal mechanisms for resolving boundary disputes, coordinating the management of shared resources, involving social and cultural groups in decision-making, strengthening local councils, and expanding economic and cultural cooperation among neighboring territories. Greater consistency between administrative boundaries, ecological systems, functional relationships, and spatial planning frameworks can improve coordination and reduce the adverse consequences of territorial fragmentation. Equitable access to public services and infrastructure, effective communication networks, and joint environmental protection are also important measures. Where competing interests cannot be entirely eliminated, negotiation, mediation, and collaborative problem-solving can help produce mutually beneficial agreements. The proposed framework integrates these interventions into an interconnected system in which identifying conflict sources, selecting appropriate policies, and coordinating actions across governance levels contribute to the achievement of desired outcomes. These expected outcomes include stronger reciprocal cooperation, expanded cultural interaction, improved public service delivery, greater citizen participation, balanced regional development, protection of ecological foundations, equitable resource allocation, more stable administrative boundaries, the formation of functional regions, and the development of specialized growth poles based on territorial capacities.
Conclusion
Administrative divisions should not be understood merely as administrative mechanisms for subdividing national territory. They are fundamental instruments of political-spatial management that shape relationships among territories, communities, and local institutions. Sustainable management of local tensions and conflicts therefore requires a comprehensive, preventive, and multilevel approach integrating territorial reform, equitable resource distribution, meaningful local participation, recognition of place identity, functional coordination, balanced regional development, and environmental protection. Coordinated implementation of these policies can address structural sources of conflict, strengthen mutual trust and cooperation, and promote greater integration among political-administrative territories. Nevertheless, because this study is based on library research and conceptual analysis, further field-based research is required to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies across different regions of Iran and determine how their outcomes vary according to local conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Conflict management
Local tensions
Political-administrative territories
Administrative divisions
Political management of space.
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Etaat.J & Mousavi.Z(2009), National Administrative Divisions and Sustainable Development; Case Study of Iran, International Quarterly of Geopolitics, Volume 4, Issue 13. [In Persian]
Hafeznia, M.R .& Roomina, I. & Ahamadi Pour Z. & Fani, A.A. (2013). Political management of space in the centralized systems, Case study: Iran,Geopolitics Quarterly, Volume 9, Issue 1.[In Persian]
Hafeznia,M & Janahamadi, F & Atashi,A(2017), The Pattern of Political Management of the Space in the Prophet Muhammad Era, Research Political Geography Quarterly, Volume.2. NO.2. [in Persian]
Hafeznia.M & Ghorbaninejad.R(2015), Tension and Conflict Theories between Countries: Review, Critique and Presenting a Theoretical Model, International Quarterly of Geopolitics, Volume 9, Issue 32. [In Persian]
Hafeznia.M (2006), Geopolitics principles and foundations, Papoli Publications. [In Persian]
Jafarzadeh.H & Ahmadipour.Z(2022), Explaining the Pattern of Tension and Conflict Factors between the Political-Administrative Realms, The Journal of Spatial Planning, 4 (1), [In Persian]
Javadi arnmand.m & Matin javid.M(2008), EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, Poilitics Quarterly, Volume 38, Issue 1. [In Persian]
Karimipour. Y & Mohammadi.H (2008), Geopolitics of Regionalism and Administrative Divisions of Iran, Tehran, published by Entekhab.[In Persian]
Kavandi kateb, A & Hafeznia , M(2018), Comparative Investigation of Political Management Indexes of National Space in Different Theories, Research Political Geography Quarterly, Volume 2, Issue 4.[In Persian]
Kazeminia, H & Shiri, T(2021), Pathology of the current state of country divisions in Iran by looking at the perspective document of 1404, Quarterly journal of social and cultural changes, Volume.18. NO.1. [In Persian]
Klar, M (2008), New Geography of Conflicts, Foreign Policy Quarterly, 1(16). [In Persian]
Muir, R.(2012) Political Geography: A New Introduction, Translate by Mirheydar.D, Geographical organization of the armed forces Publications. [In Persian]
Pishgahifard. Z & Gholami, B(2010), Investigating the effects of the geographical shape of Ilam province on its underdevelopment, Journal of Regional Planning /Vol. 2/ No. 8. [In Persian]
Pour mousavi, M,. & Others (2009) Political Organization of Cultural and Functional Spaces and Areas in Iran, Journal of geopolitic, Volume.4. NO.13. [in Persian]
Rabiee.H & Jan parvar. M(2012), Representing an analytical model for resolution of territorial disputes, Strategic Studies Quarterly, Volume 14, Issue 54 . [In Persian]
Rashidi.M & Alipour.A(2016), The Geopolitical Pathology of Iran's Administrative Divisions in Terms of Spatial Planning, Research Political Geography Quarterly, Volume 1, Issue 3. [In Persian]
Research Center of the Islamic Council(2011), criticism and evaluation of the law of country divisions, political studies office. [In Persian]
Riahi, V & Afrakhte. H & Salehpour,SH(2020), Factors Affecting Inefficiency of the Country Divisions System at the Local Level (Case Study: Urmia County), International Quarterly of Geopolitics, Volume 16, Issue 59. [In Persian]
Shatrian. M (2014), socio-cultural factors affecting the tendency towards tribal strife, Social Development Quarterly, 4(9). [In Persian]

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