نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• هادی تقی پور اردشیری ¹
• مرتضی نورمحمدی ²

¹ دکتری روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

² گروه روابط بین الملل دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

در حالی که تأثیر فناوری بر اقتصاد سیاسی بین‌الملل به طور گسترده پژوهش شده است، اما درک محیط نوین کنش‌گری و الگوی روابط کنش‌گران در بستر توسعه هوش مصنوعی همچنان ناقص است. تأثیرگذاری هوش مصنوعی بر کنش‌گران به ویژه دولت‌ها مسئله اساسی است که نیاز به بررسی علمی دارد. هدف این پژوهش نیز بررسی و تحلیل ابعاد این تأثیرگذاری‌ها است. پرسش اساسی آن است که چگونه هوش مصنوعی می‌تواند ماهیت کنش‌گران اقتصاد سیاسی بین الملل به ویژه دولت را تغییر دهد؟ فرضیه پژوهش آن است که هوش مصنوعی با دگرگون‎سازی ظرفیت‎های کنش‎گران در ابعادی نظیر تصمیم‎گیری، داده‎محوری و خودمختاری، ماهیت آنان را تغییر داده و در نتیجه به پیدایش الگوهای جدید و پیچیده‎تری از روابط میان کنش‎گران منجر می‎شود. پژوهش حاضر از رویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی بهره برده است تا داده‌های پیش و پس از سال 2010 که نقطه عطف توسعه هوش مصنوعی است را طبق 4 شاخصی که بر اساس نظریه وابستگی متقابل پیچیده رابرت کیوهن و جوزف نای انتخاب شده است، بررسی نماید. این 4 شاخص شامل تاثیر هوش‌مصنوعی بر سرشت کنش‌گران، ظهورکنش‌گران جدید، اهداف و منافع، و الگوی روابط کنش‌گران در است. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که هوش مصنوعی با ایجاد ظرفیت‌های نوین برای کنش‌گران، عملکرد آن‌ها را تغییر داده است. این تغییر موجب ایجاد الگوی نوینی از روابط پیچیده میان کنش‌گران گردیده است. طبق این الگو، تحول در ماهیت کنش‌گران به معنای بازتعریف عملکرد کنش‌گران به ویژه دولت و پیوستگی بیشتر آن ها با یکدیگر است که از طریق هوش مصنوعی به تولید ثروت و قدرت مبادرت می‌ورزند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اقتصاد‌سیاسی بین‌الملل
• الگو
• دولت
• فناوری
• کنش گر
• ماهیت
• هوش مصنوعی

موضوعات

• روابط بین الملل

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Model of Complex Relations in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Transformation in the Existence of Actors in International Political Economy

نویسندگان [English]

• Hadi Taghipour Ardeshiry ¹
• Morteza Nourmohamadi ²

¹ PhD in International Relations, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabai University

² Department of International Relations, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabi University

چکیده [English]

Extended Abstract:
The Model of Complex Relations in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Transformation in the Existence of Actors in International Political Economy

Introduction and Aims
The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the global political and economic system is producing a transformative shift in how actors—particularly states and transnational institutions—function within the international political economy (IPE). While the role of technology in shaping IPE has been extensively studied, the emergence of AI introduces a qualitatively different dynamic that challenges traditional models of agency and actor relations. This research addresses the central question: How can artificial intelligence transform the existence of actors in the international political economy, especially the state?
The study hypothesizes that artificial intelligence transforms the existence of actors through changing their capacities in areas such as decision-making, data-driven operations, and autonomy, thereby generating new and complex model of actor relations. Accordingly, the study seeks to analyze this transformation through a structured framework grounded in the theory of complex interdependence proposed by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye.
Methodology
This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach using qualitative methods. It analyzes developments in the political economy landscape before and after 2010, a critical turning point in the evolution of AI technologies. Data is drawn from comparative case studies, academic literature, institutional reports, and global AI development indicators. The analysis is structured around four key indicators derived from Keohane and Nye’s theory:
1. The impact of AI on the nature of actors;
2. The emergence of new actors enabled by AI;
3. The transformation of goals and interests of existing actors;
4. The reconfiguration of inter-actor relationships in IPE.
Results and Discussion
1. Impact on the Nature of Actors:

AI has begun to alter the fundamental nature of actors, particularly states, by transforming them into entities increasingly reliant on non-human, intelligent tools for decision-making, governance, and economic activity. This shift redefines the existence of the state, pushing it toward an AI-augmented actor embedded in data governance, algorithmic regulation, and digital sovereignty.
2. Emergence of New Actors:

The evolution of AI has led to the emergence of non-traditional and non-human actors in IPE, such as algorithmic trading systems, AI-driven platforms, cloud infrastructures, and tech communities. These actors increasingly participate in power and wealth generation, challenging the state-centric structure of the global economy. Moreover, AI itself begins to function as an autonomous actor, influencing outcomes across borders without direct human mediation.

3. Transformation of Goals and Interests:

The strategic objectives of states and institutions are shifting toward technology-based assets and knowledge economies, moving beyond traditional resource-based power structures. National and transnational actors now compete over AI capabilities, seeking technological leadership as a means to economic and geopolitical dominance. The emergence of innovation blocs and tech alliances further signals a recalibration of interest formation in IPE.

4. Reconfiguration of Relationships Among Actors:

AI has intensified the interdependence among actors by enhancing real-time data processing, algorithmic decision-making, and global digital connectivity. The growing reliance of national actors on transnational institutions, technological infrastructures, and global data flows fosters a polycentric model of governance. This model is defined by complex and multi-layered relations, where states no longer hold a monopoly over authority and must navigate a network of interdependent actors and systems.
Conclusion
The development and deployment of artificial intelligence are not only reshaping the tools and mechanisms of international political economy but also transforming the very existence of its actors. This transformation unfolds across four interconnected dimensions:
1. Redefinition of actor identity and functionality,
2. Emergence of AI-driven and non-human actors,
3. Shifts in strategic goals and economic priorities, and
4. Deepening interdependence among actors.
These dimensions collectively establish a new model of complex relations in IPE, wherein actors, especially states, must adapt to an environment marked by decentralization, networked authority, and AI-centric cooperation. In this context, the international political economy is transitioning from a system dominated by intergovernmental relations to one increasingly governed by AI-enabled interdependence and multi-actor complexity. Thus, by examining the dimensions of artificial intelligence’s impact, it becomes evident that AI now functions not merely as a technological tool, but as a force shaping the complex and reciprocal interactions among actors, states, and transnational institutions. It directly influences the power and authority of states and other players, placing them in a new environment in which machines and AI-driven tools play a significant role.
Accordingly, and based on the analyses presented in the previous sections, it can be concluded in relation to the research hypothesis that artificial intelligence has created a new environment of cooperation and complex interwoven relations among actors, altering their function, though not necessarily their existence. This transformation in function—from physical roles to reliance on AI-based tools, such as the centrality of data in political-economic relations—has, to some extent affected on the role of the human agent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Actor
• Artificial intelligence
• Existence
• International political economy
• Model
• State
• Technology