نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• مهدی الیاسی ¹
• محمد تندرو ²

¹ دانشیار مدیریت فناوری دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

² دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه پیشرفت‌های فناورانه نیازمند شناخت مؤثرترین روش‌ها و نظام‌های سیاستی حکمرانی در سطوح مختلف است. این تغییر پارادایم، اجرای سیاست‌های حاکمیتی مؤثر را برای تسهیل یکپارچگی بهینه و ترسیم مسیر توسعه ضروری می‌سازد. اما این سیاست­ها صرفاً در سطح تغییر نگاه و یا رویکرد یک سازمان و چگونگی سیاست­گذاری دولت­ها خلاصه نمی­شود، بلکه ماهیت دولت را تحت تأثیر قرار خواهند داد. این پژوهش زوایای مختلف حکمرانی دولت را با توجه به شاخص‌های گذار به فناوری‌های صنعت چهارم بررسی می­کند. همچنین با مطالعه موضوعی بیش از هجده سند سیاستی فناورانه در ایالات‌متحده آمریکا، با استفاده از ابزارهای پیشرفته تحلیل متنی و پردازش زبان طبیعی، فراتر از تفاوت‌های ظریف پیشرفت‌های فناورانه، جنبه‌های حاکمیتی را مورد پژوهش و تحلیل قرار داده و نشان­ می‌دهد این‌گونه سیاست­گذاری به تدریج کارکرد دولت و شیوه­های اعمال حاکمیت را تغییر داده و منشأ تحول شیوه­های حکمرانی خواهد بود. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی پویایی‌های پیچیده حاکم بر همزیستی مداخلات سیاستی حکمرانی مؤثر در فرآیندهای گذار به فناوری‌های صنعت چهارم، با تأکید بر چالش‌های چندوجهی است. این پژوهش به‌وضوح نشان می‌دهد که حکمرانی در عصر صنعت چهارم نیازمند درک چندبعدی به جهت قاعده گذاری در تحول نحوه حکمرانی کارکرد دولت است. در واقع، تنها از طریق رویکردهای حکمرانی منعطف، نوآورانه و مسئولانه و درک تحول ماهوی کنش دولتی است که می‌توان به موفقیت‌های پایدار دست یافت. این تحول را می­توان به عنوان نمونه بارز در گونه­های سیاست‌گذاری و دگرگونی در ماهیت دولت آمریکا مشاهده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• حکمرانی
• فناوری
• انقلاب صنعت چهارم
• تحول
• ماهیت دولت
• تغییر بنیاد دولت
• ایالات‌متحده

موضوعات

• دولت

عنوان مقاله [English]

Changes like State Governance; the Transition to Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies (A Case Study on the Government of the United States)

نویسندگان [English]

• Mahdi Elyasi ¹
• Mohammad Tondro ²

¹ Associate Professor, Department of Management of Technology, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.

² PhD student, Department of Technology Management, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Problem and Background
Technological advancements require a deeper understanding of the most effective methods and policies for governance at various levels of government. This paradigm shifts underscores the necessity for active and effective governance policies to facilitate optimal integration and further pave the development path. The nature of governance is fundamentally influenced by these policies, which go beyond merely changing the perspective or approach of an organization or government. They alter the very nature of government as well. As such, the challenge lies in new crafting governance and government functions that not only adapt to rapid technological changes but also proactively shape the mechanisms of governance to enhance their relevance and efficiency in the digital era. This change must be forward-looking and inclusive, ensuring that technological benefits are equitably shared while safeguarding against potential disruptions that could undermine societal and political stability.
Research Objective
This study examines the various aspects of governance policies considering the Fourth Industrial Revolution's transformative indices and the significance of its revolutionary concepts on development models, emphasizing how these concepts transform the nature of governments. This research focuses on a collection of policy and governance systems at the national and international levels in the United States of America. The purpose of this selection is to analyze and identify governance patterns and policy systems that can effectively respond to the challenges and opportunities arising from the advancements of Industry 4.0 technologies.
Research Method
This examination includes a detailed study of federal policy systems, industrial development strategies, and educational programs related to emerging technologies. It also endeavors to analyze, through the study of over eighteen governmental documents in the United States, using advanced tools of text analysis and natural language processing, the subtleties of technological advancements and the governance aspects present in forthcoming sectors. This method enables deep analysis of texts and documents and encompasses various sections of public, specialized, and international policy systems in the United States in the path of modern governance transformation and transition to Industry 4.0 technologies. It includes an analysis of the nature of state governance, federal policy system strategies, and executive governance models, all of which examine different aspects of the impacts of Industry 4.0 technologies on modern governance. This research focuses on examining how policies and governance models respond to the challenges and opportunities arising from digital transformation in documents presented in various sectors. Using this method, the researcher can identify patterns, important themes, and indicators presented in the context of modern governance practices and the functioning of the government in complex texts.
Research Findings
This investigation will demonstrate how such policymaking gradually alters government functions and governance interaction methods, ultimately leading to a transformation in governance approaches. The primary goal of this research is to explore the complex dynamics governing the coexistence of effective governance policy interventions in the processes of adopting Fourth Industrial technologies, with a focus on multifaceted challenges and highlighting gaps in skills, resource limitations, and access to technology, which recurrently emerge as themes. The results show a close connection between governance policies that emphasize promoting government-industry collaboration and the development of advanced technologies. This integration has not only led to increased innovation and improved technological infrastructure but has also moved governance practices more towards data-driven and technology-dependent methods. Data analysis indicates that challenges such as resource limitations, unequal access to technology, and skill gaps are among the most significant limitations in governance and regulation in this sector. These challenges require more effective governance measures that seriously focus on strengthening technological infrastructure, providing practical education, and fostering international cooperation to broadly create development opportunities.
Conclusion
Therefore, it is essential to enhance policy systems and accountability, and design innovative governance methods that are flexible and capable of quickly responding to changing needs. The models and findings in this research clearly indicate that effective governance in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution requires a multidimensional and comprehensive understanding that encompasses all aspects of technology, economy, and society for proper rule-setting, as governance transformation fundamentally changes government function and introduces a different mode of action. Indeed, only through flexible, innovative, and responsible governance approaches and understanding the substantive transformation of governmental action can sustainable successes be achieved in this transition. These changes can be clearly observed in the changes in policymaking styles and the transformation in the nature of the state in the United States.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Governance
• Change
• Nature of The State
• Technology
• Fourth Industrial Revolution
• Foundation of Government
• United States of America