نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• عبدالرسول کاوه فرد ¹
• حجت الله ایوبی ²

¹ گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

² دانشکده مطالعات جهان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این مقاله با هدف تحلیل و تبیین نقش فرمانداری‌ها در توسعه سیاسی در سطح شهرستان‌های استان بوشهر به انجام رسیده است. در این پژوهش، تلاش بر این بود، نقش فرمانداری‌ها به‌عنوان کارگزاران عالی دولت (و حاکمیت) در سطح مناطق و نواحی، بر شاخص‌های پنج‌گانه موردنظر این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از ابزار پرسشنامه مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. روش پژوهش، توصیفی - تحلیلی بوده و داده‌ها به روش پیمایشی گردآوری شده است. برای سنجش پرسش‌های پرسشنامه از اعتبار صوری و برای سنجش پایایی آن از روش آلفای کرونباخ، بهره گرفته شده که پرسشنامه با ضریب اعتباری 907/0 تأیید شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نیز از آزمون‌های تی تک-نمونه‌ای، تحلیل واریانس و رویکرد مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری واریانس‌محور و نرم‌افزار مربوطه (PLS) بهره گرفته شد. گردآوری داده‌ها نیز با توزیع پرسشنامه میان جامعه آماری، دربرگیرنده 100 نفر از کارکنان فرمانداری‌های مورد بررسی، به‌گونه تمام‌شماری صورت گرفت. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد، فرمانداری‌ها با توجّه به نقش راهبری خود، بر مقوله توسعه سیاسی و شاخص‌های پنج‌گانه مورد بررسی این پژوهش (کارآیی و کارآمدی دولت، مشارکت سیاسی، فعالیت احزاب و تشکّل‌های سیاسی، فعالیت رسانه‌های خبری - تحلیلی و حضور زنان در عرصه‌های سیاسی - اجتماعی) در سطح شهرستان‌های استان بوشهر، تأثیر فراوانی دارند. همچنین در ارزیابی صورت‌گرفته، از منظر شاخص‌های توسعه سیاسی، فرمانداری عسلویه، به نسبت دیگر فرمانداری‎های مورد مطالعه، عملکرد به‌نسبت بهتری داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• "دولت"
• "حکومت محلّی"
• "فرمانداری"
• "توسعه"
• "توسعه سیاسی"
• "استان بوشهر"

موضوعات

• دولت

عنوان مقاله [English]

The role of Government in Political Development of Counties Case study: Governorates of Dashtestan, Genaveh and Asalouye counties

نویسندگان [English]

• Abdolrasoul Kavehfard ¹
• Hojjatollah Ayyoubi ²

¹ Group of Political Science and International Relations Faculty of Lows, Theology & Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University

² Department of World Studies, Tehran University

چکیده [English]

Extended abstract

Title: The role of Government in Political Development of Counties
Case study: Governorates of Dashtestan, Genaveh and Asalouyeh counties
Abdolrasoul Kaveh Fard, Ph.D. Student in Political Science/Political Sociology/Faculty of Lows, Theology & Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran


Hojjatallah Ayyoubi Associate Professor, Faculty of World Studies, Tehran University

Mojtaba Maghsoudi
Associate Professor, Faculty of Political Science, Islamic Azad University. Central Tehran Branch. Tehran, Iran.


Introduction: Since development in developing societies, especially in Iran, depends a lot on the approaches, policies and plans of the government, knowing the special tasks, capabilities and capacities of agents and representatives of the government in the regions is also of fundamental importance in this field. Therefore, the topic of this article, which is derived from a scientific research, among various possible factors, is to study the role of governors in the political development of cities, which is examined from the perspective of political sociology.
The purpose of the research: The general purpose of this research is to investigate the role and influence of governorates on the political development of cities.
Method: In terms of purpose, this research is applied and among quantitative researches, the data has been collected by survey method. In the research process, a questionnaire was distributed electronically among all the employees of the governorates of "Dashtestan", "Genaveh" and "Asalouyeh" cities (including governors up to assistants in the number of 100 people) in the territory of Bushehr province. Therefore, the sample size was determined to be 100 people using the full enumeration method. Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the measuring instrument, and the questionnaire was confirmed with a reliability coefficient of 0.907. To analyze the data, one-sample t/t tests, analysis of variance and variance-oriented structural equation modeling approach and related software (PLS) were used.
Report of findings: The findings of the research show that the highest average in the political development index is related to the "Governorship of Asalouyeh" and the lowest average is related to "Governorship of Genaveh". In the sub-indexes of political development, the governorates of all three cities have had a positive performance. "Activity of news-analytical media" in Dashtestan city has the highest average (3.85), and the lowest average related to the sub-index "political participation" (3.32), in Genaveh city, the sub-index of "activity of political parties and organizations" has the highest average (4.00) and the lowest average related to the sub-index of "political participation" (2.74); and in Asalouyeh city, the sub-index of "efficiency and effectiveness of the government" was the highest average (4.10) and the lowest average was related to the sub-index of "political participation" (3.65). Therefore, overall, in the political development index, the performance of Asalouyeh governorate has been better than other governorates
To evaluate the political development index, 13 questions were asked, which were evaluated using the single-sample T/T test. The analysis of the collected data shows that the average of all the items of the political development index, except for the item of "governor's performance in the participation of the people in the elections of the Assembly of Experts" are above average, and thus there is a good satisfaction in the political development index. The value of the alpha error or the significance level of the T/T test for all items except for the item of "Governor's performance in the participation of the people in the elections of the Assembly of Experts" is equal to 0.000, since this error rate is less than the acceptable error rate for the test, i.e. is less than 0.05, as a result, it can be argued that the difference between the observation satisfaction level for these measures and the average level of satisfaction is significant at the 95% confidence level. The general results of the political development index express favorable conditions and a positive view of the governorates of the studied cities from the point of view of the statistical community of this research. Following up on the political affairs of the cities is one of the important tasks of the governorates, and in this field, the studied governorates have achieved relative success.
Conclusion: on the functions, specialties and capabilities of governors as agents and high representatives of the government (and sovereignty) at the city level and their role in political development, clearly shows that governors, considering their duties and powers, as well as their role The leadership that they have, within the framework of their institutional structure, has helped to facilitate various indicators of political development in the regions and regions, and they play a prominent and prominent role in promoting the indicators of political development in the cities. Because the philosophy of establishing local governments in regions and districts also comes from the need to facilitate development at the regional level and as a result of national development. But in this process, some factors such as the presence of inefficient people at the head of the governorate as governor and the subsequent appointment of inefficient deputies and managers of executive bodies and government organizations at the city level, the sometimes security attitude of the governors to the administration of local affairs and especially the political activities of political currents at the level in the region, very weak financial resources, cumbersome laws and regulations, weak and insufficient human resources within the structure of the governorates and the lack of transparency in decision-making have caused their potential capacities and capabilities to perform effectively and carry out developmental tasks in the political dimension.
The results of this research with the conclusion of "Shiari and Farhangi(2018)" research that the role of the government and its policies in the process of political development and the formation of civil society is prominent and significant, as well as the research of "Abiyar et al.(2018)" on this basis that Local governments play an important role in accelerating the process of political development, it is completely consistent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• "Bushehr province"
• "Development"
• "Government"
• "Governorate"
• "Local government"
• "Political development"