Roxana Niknami
Abstract
In the last 30 years, the welfare state has been doubted and many believe that the welfare state is in conflict with the nature of modern and post-industrial capitalism. The financial crisis in the eurozone, which began in 2008, once again, has entered the state into European theoretical waves. And it ...
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In the last 30 years, the welfare state has been doubted and many believe that the welfare state is in conflict with the nature of modern and post-industrial capitalism. The financial crisis in the eurozone, which began in 2008, once again, has entered the state into European theoretical waves. And it led to serious reconsideration of state`s functions in the continent. With the onset of the second phase of the crisis, this idea has got power that the existence of a welfare state was the main cause of this crisis and economic downturn. In order to cover the deficit imbalance and the lack of State funding, many theories were put forward to reduce the burden on the state's social and welfare responsibilities. As a result, many European states were forced to apply profound structural reforms and adhere to austerity policies. The result of these policies was a significant reduction in wages, reduction of social services, and privatization of the public sector. The question is: how has the eurozone financial crisis affected the welfare state in the EU and what is the welfare state function in the European social model? The eurozone's financial crisis has lowered the quality of the welfare state in the European Union, due to the slowdown in economic growth, and the only way to save the welfare state is to create a growth with employment,which is achieved through increased competitiveness. To test the above hypothesis, the Danish sociologist Gustavo Sping-Andersen's model will be used.
Hadi Ajili; Nejla Bankian
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to describe the developments which have taken place in the power structure and following that we investigate the impact of such developments on the formation of the competition state. Indeed, in a new power structure, states are no longer considered as the main actors and the ...
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The aim of this paper is to describe the developments which have taken place in the power structure and following that we investigate the impact of such developments on the formation of the competition state. Indeed, in a new power structure, states are no longer considered as the main actors and the only source of political authority, but we have witnessed the emergence of non-state actors which have the significant effects on political outcomes and decisions. Thus, the power structure has been shifting away from the state-oriented approach to power privatization. Moreover, the emergence of the concept of competitiveness is another aspect of the transformation of the power structure. In fact, the competitiveness has been considered as a fundamental target for all states. Hence, the distribution or privatization of power and highlighting the competitiveness in a world politics can affect privatization, marketization and competitiveness of states. Therefore, we have witnessed the formation of a novel state which is known as the competition state. Actually, the competition state is a kind of state which pursues the policies such as privatization, deregulation, encouraging of the innovation and setting up of the companies for Maximization of profits. At the end of the day, we can contend that as a result of pluralization of power in a global system, states are also required to be pluralist.
