Seyed Hadi Zarghani; Ebrahim Ahmadi
Abstract
The term good governance is used today on a wide scale from a local to an international level. In the meantime, governance in the form of local government seems to be more commensurate with good governance. This research seeks to answer the questions of what is the relationship between local government ...
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The term good governance is used today on a wide scale from a local to an international level. In the meantime, governance in the form of local government seems to be more commensurate with good governance. This research seeks to answer the questions of what is the relationship between local government and good governance and what are the unique characteristics and traits of a local government that can be considered a good government? In addition, what is the best method for delegating powers and responsibilities to citizens in order to make local government efficient in terms of good governance? The research is descriptive-analytical based on its nature and methodology and the required information is gathered in a documentary manner with reference to reliable books and articles. The research findings show that with respect to specific and prominent features of local government such as decentralization, democratic structure, local and people-centered planning and decision-making, attention to the interests of the general public, the distribution of opportunities and the establishment of social and geographical justice, more community benefits from development and welfare, local government can be regarded as the ideal example for good governance. Also among the many features that local government has, the principle of optimal decentralization (political, economic, administrative, technical, geographical, etc.), as the real symbol and ultimate goal of local government, is undoubtedly the best and most practical way of good administrative governance. In this way, by delegating some of the responsibilities to the citizens, their involvement in regional and national affairs becomes more real and then the mutual interaction between the local government and the central government becomes facilitated. It will also have decentralization of power (central government) as a principle. In short, because of the specific nature and functions of local government, it can be used to establish a good governance model.
Mohammad Ali Khosravi; Shohreh Shahsavari Fard
Abstract
History has showed us that development in every society depends on the elite’s political roles; hence, their viewpoints regarding socio-political programs and individuals’ needs have played a vital role in determining the fate of a specific society. Besides, the elite political culture is ...
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History has showed us that development in every society depends on the elite’s political roles; hence, their viewpoints regarding socio-political programs and individuals’ needs have played a vital role in determining the fate of a specific society. Besides, the elite political culture is considered as an effective factor in political development within the realm of political sociology. The aim of this study is to analyze the political culture of the ruling elite and its role in inefficiencies of NGOs. In fact the author has tried to show that the underdevelopment of NGOs in governments after the revolution has a close relation with political culture of ruling elite of this era .In addition to questionnaire to assess the type of political culture, their performance was examined on the basis of Gabriel Almond model. To validate the reagents, in addition to previous studies, we used the views of a number of sociologists and political science professors and after confirmation of expert community and passing the validity stage to examine the internal consistency of questionnaire items, Cronbach's alpha was obtained as 77 using SPSS software. Then, political culture was examined by assessing the political participation, political trust, citizenship rights, and tolerance. Freedom of speech was investigated in 9 components. Results reflected the fact that the culture of ruling on elite is an allegiance with thick, tough, and stable clusters closing the ways for political development. Reluctance to answer some questions and lack of proportionality among some answers with performance of this population are strong evidence in this regard.
