Roxana Niknami
Abstract
Since 2017, there have been signs of an escalating crisis of government legitimacy in France. The dehegemonization in Gramsci's theory seems to explain the current state of the French government. Hegemony refers to the material and spiritual domination of one class over another. This domination must ...
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Since 2017, there have been signs of an escalating crisis of government legitimacy in France. The dehegemonization in Gramsci's theory seems to explain the current state of the French government. Hegemony refers to the material and spiritual domination of one class over another. This domination must include political, economic, and social dimensions; In such a way that it becomes common sense. But in France, this feature of the government seems to have been disrupted and common sense questioned. The purpose of this article is to answer the question of how this rupture was formed and led to the crisis of government legitimacy? This article hypothesizes the weakening of the relationship between government and civil society led to the misfunctioning of common sense, the historical bloc, and the onset of the organic crisis in the form of the yellow vest movement. The method of data collection was both library and observation. Gramsci's theory of hegemony was used to test the hypothesis. Based on the qualitative research method of critical dialectics and cognitive praxis, it was found that the historical bloc of neoliberalism in France has interrupted, and this has damaged the hegemon's ability to use civil society. The result is an organic crisis that suffers from a lack of intellectual tools for political awareness. Consequently, the hegemon has entered the process of modernization by waging a position war, and the current situation, although it has weakened the hegemony; But there are no conditions for maneuvering war and creating a new hegemony.
Roxana Niknami
Abstract
In the last 30 years, the welfare state has been doubted and many believe that the welfare state is in conflict with the nature of modern and post-industrial capitalism. The financial crisis in the eurozone, which began in 2008, once again, has entered the state into European theoretical waves. And it ...
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In the last 30 years, the welfare state has been doubted and many believe that the welfare state is in conflict with the nature of modern and post-industrial capitalism. The financial crisis in the eurozone, which began in 2008, once again, has entered the state into European theoretical waves. And it led to serious reconsideration of state`s functions in the continent. With the onset of the second phase of the crisis, this idea has got power that the existence of a welfare state was the main cause of this crisis and economic downturn. In order to cover the deficit imbalance and the lack of State funding, many theories were put forward to reduce the burden on the state's social and welfare responsibilities. As a result, many European states were forced to apply profound structural reforms and adhere to austerity policies. The result of these policies was a significant reduction in wages, reduction of social services, and privatization of the public sector. The question is: how has the eurozone financial crisis affected the welfare state in the EU and what is the welfare state function in the European social model? The eurozone's financial crisis has lowered the quality of the welfare state in the European Union, due to the slowdown in economic growth, and the only way to save the welfare state is to create a growth with employment,which is achieved through increased competitiveness. To test the above hypothesis, the Danish sociologist Gustavo Sping-Andersen's model will be used.
