Afshin Eshkevar Kiaei
Abstract
In this research, according to Michel Foucault's methodology to understand the nature and dimensions of the state, we analyze the Seljuk state. In this method, instead of starting with the theories of the state and also putting the state in the center, we have started our work by considering the state ...
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In this research, according to Michel Foucault's methodology to understand the nature and dimensions of the state, we analyze the Seljuk state. In this method, instead of starting with the theories of the state and also putting the state in the center, we have started our work by considering the state as the microphysics of power and then we have placed the state in a technology and field of power. This technology of power was formed from the strategies and tactics specific to its time (not from reductionist theories). The main question of the article is, based on Foucault's view of the state, what power relations and technology were actualized in the Seljuk state? According to the historical and concrete needs of this period, the Seljuk Sultan had to provide the conditions to maintain justice and peace in all Islamic lands and on the other hand, considering that the institution of religion was the link between the sultan, the caliph, the bureaucrats and the people, it should be preserved; Therefore, the Seljuk state became the arena for actualizing the power technology of "security, religion and caliphate". This technology consists of various elements and strategies, such as knowledge/power relations, religion/power relations, Sultan/Caliph relations, and bureaucratic institutions, which this article deals with in its various dimensions.
nayere dalir
Abstract
The views of Khadjeh Nezam al-Mulk have always been significant among the intellectual experts of political schools of thought, particularly the views in relation to organizing governmental relationship with people, all of which considerably affected the formation of the beliefs of future scholars. The ...
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The views of Khadjeh Nezam al-Mulk have always been significant among the intellectual experts of political schools of thought, particularly the views in relation to organizing governmental relationship with people, all of which considerably affected the formation of the beliefs of future scholars. The question is how and at which level Khadje Nezam al-Mulk has categorized these mutual relations of the governors and people? In response, this theory has been brought forward by the author of Seyr al-Muluk, using the “justice seeking” approach in three different levels explaining the relations of the governor and people. This categorization has taken into consideration their encounter with the Almighty God as the paradigm of Islamic ideology. First categorization is “choosing based on destiny decided by God” or “taghdiraat” in Arabic. The 2nd one is pragmatism, which relates to worldly responsibilities, and finally the 3rd categorization is accountability approach in regard to hereafter. In this research, through using the methods of “historical explanations” and the “textual interpretation” approaches, there will be a systematic review of the characteristics of each level of the categorization. The biggest challenge to all the levels will be the deep reliance of Khadjeh Nizam al-Mulk on the theory of “distribution of justice”, disregarding the theoretical lacuna of “power” on his writings most of which can be justified by the concepts of “requirements of the time” and the “authoritative power” of kings/governors.
Elhame Rasooli Saniabadi
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is the study of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) from the perspective of the concepts of international relations. As the one of the important actors in the international politics, ISIS needs to be paid attention from different points and we do it in this paper. We attempt ...
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The main aim of this paper is the study of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) from the perspective of the concepts of international relations. As the one of the important actors in the international politics, ISIS needs to be paid attention from different points and we do it in this paper. We attempt to study ISIS from the view of the concepts such as actor, security, power, identity, ontological security and globalization. For this aim in the first part of this paper we study the concept of state in the international law and we will conclude that we cannot consider ISIS as a state. So it is in governmental actor. Then we study ISIS as a social movement and an anti system movement. In the second part of this paper we study the concept of power in ISIS from the perspective of discursive power and coercive power. In the third part of this paper we study the concept of ontological security in ISIS and finally we study the concept of globalization and its relation to ISIS. The main question in this paper is how we understand ISIS from the perspective of concepts in international relations. We will conclude if the international society wants to deter ISIS, it should understand the relation between ISIS and concepts in international relations.
